Axad 22, June 2025 {HMC} Nidaamka kobcinta nukliyeerka asal ahaan macnaheedu waa kordhinta tirada yuraanyoomta ilaa 235.
“Si tan loo sameeyo, yuraanyoomta waxaa lagu qaadaa qaab gaas ah waxaana lagu duraa mashiinka loo yaqaan ‘centrifuge’ oo isku dhex daraya,” ayuu yiri borofosor Regan.
Maadaama yuraanyoom 238 ay ka culus tahay midda 235 ee loo baahan yahay, waxaa celiska uu keenayaa labadoodu ay kala tagaan, habkan ayaa lagu celceliyaa si loo kordhiyo nadiifinta ama tayeynta yuraanyoomta.
Warshadaha tamarta nukliyeerka ayaa caadi ahaan u baahan yuraanyoom tayaysan oo ilaa 3 ilaa 5 boqolkiiba si ay u soo saarto falcelinta nukliyeer ah oo la kantaroolay oo sii daaya tamarta ay u baahan yihiin.
Laakiin marka hadafku yahay in la sameeyo hubka nukliyeerka, waxaa loo baahan yahay qayb aad u sarreeya oo ah yuraanyoom ilaa 235, qiyaastii 90 boqolkiiba ayaa loo baahan yahay.
Laakiin marka hadafku yahay in la sameeyo hubka nukliyeerka, waxaa loo baahan yahay qayb aad u sarreeya oo ah uranium-235 – qiyaastii 90 boqolkiiba – ayaa loo baahan yahay.
Dhab ahaantii, mar kasta oo yuraanyoomta wax badan la kobciyo , waxaa kordha qarxinta tamarta atoomikadu ay kala baxaan.
Hay’adda caalamiga ah ee tamarta Nukliyeerka ayaa ku dhawaaqday in Iiran ay tayaysay yuraanyoomka ilaa 60 boqolkiiba, taasina ay keentay in ay ku socoto wadadii ay ku gaari lahayd ururinta ama sameynta tayeynta ku filan oo hubka nukliyeerka.
Dabcan, gantaalka ku dhacaya goobta kaydinta yuraanyoomka ee sida habboon loo dayactiray ma keeni doono “masiibo nukliyeer ah” oo ku saabsan miisaanka qaraxyadii Fukushima ama warshada tamarta nukliyeerka Chernobyl.
Borofisar Jim Smith oo wax ka dhiga Jaamacadda Portsmouth oo daraasad ku sameeyay musiibadii Chernobyl ka dib, ayaa sharaxaya in “yuraanyoomka aadka loo hodmay ay qiyaastii shucaaca ka badan tahay saddex jeer ka badan tahay yuraantoomta la kobciyay. Laakiin dhab ahaantii, qiyaasta dhabta ah, midna maaha shucaac oo qarax noocan oo kale ah kuma keeno deegaanka dhibaato weyn oo wasakh ah.”
“Waxa aan aad uga walaacsanahay waxa loogu yeero soo saarisata kala qaybiyayaasha nukliyeerka – kuwaaso oo ah waxyaabaha burburiya yuraanyoomka marka uu ku jiro ka shaqaynsiinta ama bam uu qarxo – waxyaabahaasi waxaa ka mid ah sida cesium radioactive, strontium radioactive, iodine radioactive, iyo wixii la mid ah, kuwaas oo keena wasakhowga deegaanka,” ayuu yiri.
Isla mar ahaantaana, maadaama aysan jirin fal-celin nukliyeer ah oo ka dhacaya goobaha kobcinta – iyo bam lagu dhufanayo iyaga ma keento falcelin, weerarka xarumahan maku abuuri doonaan shucaac soo saarista kala qaybiyayaasha.
Taa beddelkeeda, qaraxa ka dhashay bam ayaa laga yaabaa inuu u kala saaro yuraanyoomta aagga taala.
Khatarta deegaanka
Kadib qaraxii xarunta Natanz, Hay’adda Tamarta Nukliyeerka ee Caalamiga ah waxay heshay calaamado summad shucaac ah oo laga helay goobta uu qaraxu ka dhacay balse waxa ay sheegtay in heerka shucaaca ee ka baxsan goobta uusan waxba iska bedelin oo uu ku taagan yahay heerarkii caadiga ahaa.
“Marka laga hadlayo yuraanyoom… shucaaca run ahaantii aad uma socdo,” ayuu yiri Professor Claire Corkill, madaxa macdanta iyo maareynta qashinka shucaaca ee Jaamacadda Bristol.
Isla mar ahaantaana, waxa uu sheegay inay jiri karaan khataro ku wajahan caafimaadka dadka u dhow goobta.
“Marka laga hadlayo ka hortagga sunta, hubaal qofku ma rabo inuu neefsado ama cuno walxaha Yuraaniyoomka sababta oo ah qaybaha Yuraaniyamku waxay ku xannibmi karaan unugyada, gudaha sambabadaada ama calooshaada, waxayna si tartiib ah u burburin karaan walxo shucaac ah, taas oo keeni karta dhaawac,” ayuu yiri Professor Corkill.
Marka laga reebo wasakhowga shucaaca, soo-gaarista kiimikooyinka waxa ay sidoo kale dhibaato ku noqon kartaa qof kasta oo u dhow goobta.
“Haddii uu shil dhaco oo (centrifuges) ay sii daayaan yuraanyoomka nooca hexafluoride, gaaska ku jira kala saaraha , waxa ay noqon lahayd khatar kiimiko ah oo aad u daran,” ayuu yiri borofasor Simon Middleberg, khabiir ku ah qalabka nukliyeerka ee Jaamacadda Bangor.
Waxa uu intaa ku daray in “haddii yuraanyoomka hexafluoride uu la kulmo qoyaanka hawada, waxa ay runtii keeni kartaa daxal iyo gubasho sababta oo ah waxay samayn kartaa aashito aad iyo aad u xoog badan.”
Isla mar ahaantaana, wuxa uu ku nuuxnuuxsaday “dabcan dhacdadani ma yeelan doonto saameyn deegaan oo baahsan oo ka baxsan aag aad iyo aad u xaddidan.”
Hay’adda Caalamiga ah ee Quwadda Nukliyeerka ayaa ku dhawaaqday in Xarunta Gurmadka iyo Dhacdooyinka ee Hay’addu ay shaqaynayso habeen iyo maalin, ayna sii wadi doonto la socodka xaaladda xarumaha Nukliyeerka ee Iran iyo heerka shucaaca ee goobteeda.
XIGASHO BBC